Castelo de San Felipe stands as a 16th-century coastal fortress guarding the strategic Ferrol estuary on Galicia's northwestern coast, originally built in 1557 under Felipe II to protect Spanish naval interests. Redesigned between 1731 and 1775 by engineer Francisco Montaigú, the fortress acquired its distinctive Neoclassical style and current configuration as one of the most representative examples of 18th-century fortified batteries. Positioned on the south bank of the estuary, it worked in concert with the Castelo de Nosa Señora da Palma and other defenses, with a historic chain stretched between fortifications to prevent enemy naval incursions. Declared a Monument of Cultural Interest in 1994, the well-preserved fortress offers stunning views of the Ferrol estuary and free public access, making it an accessible window into maritime military heritage.
