Château de Dampierre-sur-Boutonne is a masterwork of French Renaissance architecture located in Charente-Maritime. Construction began in 1495 by François de Clermont, a nobleman returning from Italian wars, and was completed around 1475 on two islands of the Boutonne River. His widow, Jeanne de Vivonne, transformed the fortified castle between 1545 and 1550 with the addition of two superimposed Italian-style galleries, creating a Renaissance jewel. The 16th-century gallery features a Renaissance façade with sculptured stones displaying alchemic, mythological, and esoteric motifs. The castle hosted illustrious visitors including François I, the poet Ronsard, Louis XIII, and later artist Salvador Dalí. Classified as a historic monument in 1926 and registered in 1990, it remains a significant example of Renaissance design.