Citadel of Farah

The Citadel of Farah, also known as the Citadel of Alexander, is one of Afghanistan's largest and oldest fortresses with a history spanning approximately 2,500 years. Located strategically along the trade route between Herat and Kandahar, this vast mud-brick fortress covers about 30 hectares with walls reaching 50 feet high. Built with traditional earthen construction techniques, it features domed ceilings designed to maintain cool summers and warm winters. The citadel contains multiple sections including a palace, mosque, prison, and military barracks, reflecting its role as an important administrative and defensive center through various periods of Islamic rule.