Castillo de la Peña in Calatayud is now the site of a fortress church sanctuary built atop a medieval castle, combining unique Mudéjar architecture with religious significance. According to legend, a star appeared nightly above the hill in 1120, leading to the discovery of a bell and an image of the Virgin Mary beneath a grotto. The fortress-church adopted military architectural principles unique in Aragonese Mudéjar design, though it suffered severe damage during the Wars of Independence and required substantial reconstruction between 1814 and 1826, with further losses in a 1933 fire.
